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Updated: 2021.01.05
Hi•leilꞋ Sr., "the Babylonian" (born in the later half of the B.C.E. 1st-century in Bâ•vëlꞋ, migrated as an adult to YᵊhūdꞋâh where he died c. 10 C.E.—when RibꞋi Yᵊho•shuꞋa was ≈17 ). Like RibꞋi Yᵊho•shuꞋa, Hi•leilꞋ Sr. was also born into the Royal Beit-Dâ•widꞋ!
Hi•leilꞋ Sr. was the Minority Pᵊrush•iꞋ Complement who, paired with the Majority Tzᵊdoq•iꞋ Sha•maiꞋ Sr. Complement, comprised "The Last ZūgꞋōt" (succeeded by the Tan•â•imꞋ).
Additionally, Hi•leilꞋ Sr. was also the grandfather of Rab•ânꞋ Ga•mᵊl•i•eilꞋ Sr.—who came to the aid of the Nᵊtzâr•imꞋ when they were being persecuted by the Tzᵊdōq•imꞋ.
Since RibꞋi Yᵊho•shuꞋa's family trip to Yᵊru•shâ•laꞋyim in celebration of his Bar-Mi•tzᵊwâhꞋ (turning 13) occurred in 0006 C.E. (which was also probably the first year after "the child grew-up" and the family had returned from Egypt). That means that when he missed his caravan back home to Nâ•tzᵊr•atꞋ with his parents because he was studying in the Beit ha-Mi•qᵊdâshꞋ, he was studying under Hi•leilꞋ Sr. "the Babylonian"!!! Moreover, his intellectual maturity at his Bar-Mi•tzᵊwâhꞋ suggests that he had previously studied while in Egypt—and that (thanks to the gifts from the Persian astrologers), since in those days young boys apprenticed early as a ta•lᵊmidꞋ, RibꞋi Yᵊho•shuꞋa was probably educated at the greatest university for its time in all of world history: The Great Musaeum of Alexandria. 
The name, Hi•leilꞋ, derived from the root הַלֵּל, which is also the root of הַלְלוּיָה, הִלּוּלָה and תְּהִלִּים.
Recognized as "the greatest of the sages of the Beit ha-Mi•qᵊdâshꞋ ha-Shein•iꞋ period", Hi•leilꞋ was the founder of the tolerant, Beit Hi•leilꞋ Pᵊrūsh•imꞋ school of interpreting Ha•lâkh•âhꞋ—in contrast to the strict, exclusivist-elite, fence-building Pᵊrush•imꞋ school founded by Sham•aiꞋ.
"Many of the halakhot and tannaitic controversies dating from the generation of Jabneh (c. 70 c.e.) are probably, and a large number are explicitly, based on the views of Bet Hillel which were adopted as the halakhah in opposition to those of Bet Shammai" [https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bet-hillel-and-bet-shammai]
Hileil v Shamai
Much info in wake of Roman destruction of "Temple". Syrian-Hellenist Tzedoqim anti-Roman (who were also Hellenists); both contrasted with anti-Hellenist Perushim. It is well known that the Perushim preferred "coexistence at a distance" with the Romans. Before destruction, argued in Temple court, the 18 Measures of Beit Shamai increasing barriers between Jews & Romans were, a priori, Tzedoqim. [(tj, Shab. 1:7, 3c; and parallel passages)]
Beit Shamai / Tzedoqim included Idumeans "According to a genizah fragment of Sifrei Zuta on Ḥukkat (Tarbiz, 1 (1930), 52)", Men. 18a, Jos., Wars, 2:566;
At Jabneh, in the generation after the destruction of the Temple, Bet Hillel gained the ascendancy (first–second century), whereupon the halakhah was laid down according to Bet Hillel. It was then stated that the possibility of making a choice between the two schools applied only "before a *bat kol [heavenly voice] went forth, but once a bat kol went forth, the halakhah was always according to Bet Hillel, and whoever acted contrary to the views of Bet Hillel deserved death. It was taught: A bat kol went forth and declared, 'The halakhah is according to the words of Bet Hillel.' Where did the bat kol go forth?… At Jabneh" (tj, Ber. 1:7, 3b; and parallel passages). The determination of the halakhah according to Bet Hillel was probably not accomplished in a single act but was rather a process that continued during the entire Jabneh period, commencing with Johanan b. Zakkai, soon after the destruction of the Temple (70) and ending with the death of Rabban Gamaliel before the Bar Kokhba war (c. 135).
In the amoraic period the halakhah of Bet Hillel was accepted in the schools of the amoraim who declared: "The opinion of Bet Shammai when it conflicts with that of Bet Hillel is no Mishnah" (Ber. 36b, et al.).
Qabalah denies history: "in the future (i.e., the world to come) the halakhah will be according to Bet Shammai (Zohar, Ra'aya Meheimna 3:245a; Moses b. Menahem (Graft) Sefer va-Yakhel Moshe 2 (1699))."
[still https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bet-hillel-and-bet-shammai]
Methodology: Perushi Hileil big-picture semiotic logic applied to principles of jurisprudence versus Syria-Hellenist "Temple" Tzedoqi Shamai mechanical keyhole literalness, having more in common with the Beit ha-Miqdash Osin of the DSS. [still https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bet-hillel-and-bet-shammai]
Fences: Perushi Hileil minimalists, Tzedoqi Shamai maximalists
Interpretation: Perushi Hileil logic of principles, Tzedoqi Shamai unquestioning literalism
Philosophical Orientation: Hileil sees best in humankind, Tzedoqi Shamai sees worst in humankind
Hi•leilꞋ was the principle leader of the Pᵊrush•imꞋ contingent in the Beit-Din ha-
Jâ•dōlꞋ, which, until c. 30 C.E., was controlled by the Hellenist pseudo-Tzᵊdōq•imꞋ—who had, while they retained control, found common ground in bolstering the self-shackling Beit Sha•maiꞋ. Thus, during the tenure of the Hellenist pseudo-Tzᵊdōq•imꞋ in Roman-occupied YᵊhūdꞋâh, the stricter views of Sham•aiꞋ prevailed (though only within the Pᵊrush•imꞋ community of Jews; clearly not among the Hellenist pseudo-Tzᵊdōq•imꞋ Jews).By the time of the destruction in 70 C.E., however, the more intelligent and logical views of Beit Hi•leilꞋ regarding “big tent” protectiveness of original principles toward adverse opinions, had prevailed for 4 decades and thereafter.
Changes in the world environment have repeatedly proven terminal to large segments, or even entire species, of populations that lack some previously unappreciated DNA. Like undefined rare DNA, the same holds true for diverse opinions, which may not seem correct or acceptable presently, but ultimately could prove correct in future; providing the sole—previously uncomprehended and unappreciated—explanation that averts extinction of entire belief systems. Advances in world knowledge dooms religions dependent upon a divine-son prophet, a prophet riding a Pegasus from Mecca to Yᵊru•shâ•laꞋyim overnight or Bronze Age (much less Dark Age) premises. Ex falso quodlibet. הָעוֹלָם הִשְׁתַּנָּה (mundus mutatus).
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