Biblical Calendar

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Alphabetized Babylonian Month Legend: Adar-12, Av-5, Elul-6, Iyar-2, Kheshvan-8, Kislev-9, Nisan-1, Sh'vat-11, Sivan-3, Tamuz-4, Tevet-10, Tishrei-7.
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øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Firstmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

Par-r-r-ty!

Happy New Year! Here's the (only) proper time for a New Year's Eve party – feature Teimân•i music & dance, chanting Tᵊhil•im plus kâ•sheir eats, drinks and socializing!

It's time to begin planning to tail off buying, and eating up, your remaining supply of khâ•meitz so that you don't have to throw out a lot on the 13th and 14th (on the Judaic calendar).

B.C.E. ca. 2459 – On this day, receding water levels after the Mabul permit removing the roof of the teivah (box, corrupted to "ark"), bᵊ-Reish•it 8.13.

B.C.E. ca. 1466 to 1449 – (the year following the Yᵊtzi•âh, which occurred ca. 1467 to 1450) the Mishkan was erected at the foot of Har Karkom (=Har Sinai) in the Israeli Negev, Shᵊmot 40.2, 17.

B.C.E. ca. 1449, during this month – Bᵊnei-Yis•râ•eil journeyed to Qadeish, in Midbar Tzin, in the Israeli Negev (30 km S of modern-day Dimona). There, Miryam died and was buried. Also, Bᵊnei-Yis•râ•eil rebelled over the lack of water, bᵊ-Midbar 20.1-2.

B.C.E. 718 – In the first year of his reign, Yᵊkhizqiyahu, began to sanctify the Beit-é--ä, the Qodesh, Divrei ha-Yamim Beit 29.3, 17.

B.C.E. 568 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi prophesies that Bavel will conquer Mitzrayim (Egypt), Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 29.17.

B.C.E. 459 – In seventh year of his reign, Iranian king Artakhshast (Artaxerxes I, reigned 465-453) proclaims freedom of religion for Yᵊhudim in, and freedom to return to, Yᵊhudah and Yᵊrushâ•layim, Ezra 7.1, 8.

B.C.E. 458 – Ezra's Beit-Din reaches decision on what to do concerning intermarriage: they sent their foreign wives away and offered a ram, Ezra 10.17.

B.C.E. 0005, during this month – Elisheva Bat- Zᵊkharyah ha-Kohein, cousin of Miryam (mother of Ribi Yᵊho•shua), becomes pregnant with Yokhanan 'ha-Matbil' Ben-Zᵊkharyah ha-Kohein.

Annually – Wood Offering by the Ben-Arakh Ben-Yᵊhudah family (on the Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  calendar).

Annually in Messianic Age – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi prophesies that on this date a whole yearling calf is to be sacrificed to make a khata•ah for the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 45.18.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 7 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(7th day of Firstmonth)

B.C.E. 596 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi prophesies against Mitzrayim (Egypt), Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 30.20.

Annually in Messianic Age – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi prophesies that on this date a whole yearling calf is to be sacrificed to make a kipur for the the errant and simple-minded, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 45.20.

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(8th day of Firstmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Note: Shab•ât preceding Pësakh is ùÑÇáÌÇú äÇâÌÈãåÉì

B.C.E. 718 – In the first year of his reign, Yᵊkhiz•qi•yâh′ u, sanctified the porch of Beit-é--ä, the Qodësh, Div•rei ha-Yâm•im Beit 29.3, 17.

30 C.E. – Mir•yâm (sister of Mâr•tâh′ & Ëlᵊâ•zâr′ , whom Ribi Yᵊho•shua enlivened) anoints Ribi Yᵊho•shua with cologne worth 2,500 shᵊqalim, valuation given in earliest extant source mss., see note The Nᵊtzârim Reconstruction of Hebrew Matitᵊyâhu (NHM, in English) 21.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 9 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(9th day of Firstmonth)

30 C.E. – Procession of Ribi Yᵊho•shua Bën-Yo•seiph Bën-Dâ•wid ha-Mâ•shi•′akh from Beit Paj•âh′  into the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh in Yᵊrushâ•layim through Sha′ ar hâ-Ra•kham•im, NHM 21.1ff. Returning from Yᵊrushâ•layim to Beit Khâ•nân′  in the evening, Ribi Yᵊho•shua curses a fig tree, NHM 21.18ff.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 10 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(10th day of Firstmonth)

B.C.E. 1410 – Yis•râ•eil came up from the Ei′ meq Yardein to camp in Jiljal (corrupted to "Gilgal") on the eastern edge of Yᵊrikho, Yᵊho•shua ha-Nâ•vi Bin-Nun 4.19.

B.C.E. 562 – In Iraq, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi envisions Yᵊrushâ•layim, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 40.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 11 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(11th day of Firstmonth)

30 C.E. – Dawn, Ribi Yᵊho•shua walks to the Beit ha-Miq•dâsh from Beit Khâ•nân′ , finding the fig tree, which he had cursed the evening before last, withered (NHM21.18ff). Later in the day, he drives merchandisers of religious items from the Beit ha-Miq•dâsh (NHM 21.12ff).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 12 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(12th day of Firstmonth)

B.C.E. 539 – Zᵊru′ -Bâ•vël′  Bën-Shᵊ•al•tiy•eil′  and Yei•shu′ a Bën-Yo•tzâ•dâq′  depart for Yᵊrushâ•layim to begin building the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh ha-Shein•i′  after the Exile, Ëz•râ′  5.2 with 8.31.

30 C.E. – Aristocratic Hellenist Pseudo-Tzᵊdoq•im′ , described by the Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  as "Wicked Priests," polemicize Ribi Yᵊho•shua, who teaches analogies in the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh ha-Shein•i′  according to Tᵊhil•im′  118.22-23; he teaches the Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  about the Great mitz•wâh; poses the implications of Tᵊhil•im′  110.1 – that the Mâ•shiakh being Dâ•wid's son – versus being his •don – condemns 'holier-than-thou'—"frum"—sanctimony (poorly translated as "hypocrisy"). He then retires to Har ha-Zeit•im′  to lament over Yᵊrushâ•layim and, finally, returns to Beit Khâ•nân′ , NHM 21.23 – 26.12.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 13 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(13rd day of Firstmonth)

Bᵊdiq•at′  Khâ•meitz′  (in the evening of 2nd day preceding Pësakh)

If the fourteenth falls on Shab•ât then this is observed on Firstmonth 12)

B.C.E. 480 – Iranian king A•khash•vei•rosh′  (Xerxes I) grants Hâ•mân′  a written proclamation, (Ës•teir′  3.12).

30 C.E. – Yᵊhud•âh "Ish-Qᵊrai•yot′ " Bën-Shim•on′ , agrees to betray Ribi Yᵊho•shua to the Hellenist Pseudo-Tzᵊdoq•im′ , NHM 26.14-16.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 14 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(14th day of Firstmonth)

Burning of Khâ•meitz′  (morning, before 1100) &

pësakh (Dusk)

(If the fourteenth falls on Shab•ât then the burning of Khâ•meitz′  is observed on Firstmonth 13.)

B.C.E. 1410 – Yᵊho•shua ha-Nâ•vi Bin-Nun commemorates pës′ akh, Yᵊho•shua Bin-Nun 5.10.

B.C.E. 617 – In the 18th year of his reign (which historians date as beginning in B.C.E. 635), Yo•shi•yâh′ u Bën-A•mon′  makes the greatest celebration of pës′ akh since the days of Shᵊmu•eil ha-Nâ•vi, Div•rei ha-Yâm•im Beit 35.1ff.

c. B.C.E. 537 – Zᵊru′ -Ba•vël Bën-Shᵊal•tiy•eil′  and Yei•shu′ a Bar-Yo•tza•daq′  celebrate pës′ akh in Yᵊrushâ•layim after the Exile in Iraq, Ëz•râ′  6.19.

30 C.E. – Ribi Yᵊho•shua celebrates pës′ akh for the last time, NHM 26.17ff.

Messianic Age – Yᵊkhëz•qeil′  ha-Nâ•vi prophesies that the seven days of pës′ akh and Khag ha-Matz•ot will continue to be observed, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 45.21-25.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(15th day of Firstmonth)
Soft Matzah
Soft matz•âh

Special Shab•ât: First Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot

ca. B.C.E. 1513 – On this day the Yᵊtzi•âh began from Pi-Tom′  ("Hellenized to "Pithom" and later renamed by Ra-Moses to Ra-Moses, Hellenized to "Rameses"), in the lower delta of northern Mitz•râ′ yim (Egypt), bᵊ-Reish•it′  13.4 with bᵊ-Mid•bar′  33.3.

Only the Roman-allied Hellenist Boethusian-Herodian faction of 'Pharisee-rabbis' – who were co-partners with the 'Sadducees' as Hellenist collaboraters and primary persecutors of Ribi Yᵊho•shua (NHM 22.15-22; 23.15-36 with notes) – held that wa-Yiq•râ 23.11 referred to the Shab•ât of the 7th day of the week (Tal•mud′ , Masëkët Mᵊnâkh•ot′  65a-b) whereas the rabbis (mainstream 'Pharisees') argued that in this context the word 'Shab•ât' was to be understood not as the weekly Shab•ât but as a special Shab•ât and meant the first day of pës′ akh itself ("Omer," Ency. Jud. 12.1383).

Immediately following Hav•dâl•âh′ : recite counting of the first day of the O′ mër.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 16 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(16th day of Firstmonth)
Soft Matzah
Soft matz•âh

Firstmonth 16 – 2nd Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot

First day of the Festival of the Waving of the òÉîÆø

Twilight-Sunset: Recite counting of the 2nd day of the O′ mër.

Shab•ât between 1st & 7th days of Khag ha-Matz•ot is Shab•ât çåä"î çÇâ äÇîÌÇöÌåÉú


Rainbow Rule


‫ 17 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(17th day of Firstmonth)
Soft Matzah
Soft matz•âh
Firstmonth 17 – 3rd Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot

Second day of the Festival of the Waving of the òÉîÆø

Twilight-Sunset: Recite counting of the 3rd day of the O′ mër.


Rainbow Rule


‫ 18 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(18th day of Firstmonth)
Soft Matzah
Soft matz•âh
4th Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot

Third day of the Festival of the Waving of the òÉîÆø

Twilight-Sunset: Recite counting of the 4th day of the O′ mër.


Rainbow Rule


‫ 19 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(19th day of Firstmonth)
Soft Matzah
Soft matz•âh
Firstmonth 19 – 5th Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot′ 

Fourth day of the Festival of the Waving of the òÉîÆø

30 C.E. – The second day of the week in 30 C.E. Ribi Yᵊho•shua is subpoenaed before the Roman ruler, Pontius Pilate, the first time (NHM 27.15ff).

Twilight-Sunset: Recite counting of the 5th day of the O′ mër.


Rainbow Rule


‫ 20 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(20th day of Firstmonth) – 6th Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot′ 
Soft Matzah
Soft matz•âh

Fifth day of the Festival of the Waving of the òÉîÆø

Firstmonth 20, 3790, ër•ëv Shab•ât of the 7th Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot′  (0030.04.09 C.E.): Crucifixion (first entombment at dusk on this eve of Firstmonth 21)

According to the almost unanimous consensus of all Judaic calendar conversion programs from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and NASA on down, this fell on the third day of the week that year—meaning that exactly 3 days and 3 nights later came the regular weekly ër•ëv Shab•ât! (All of these datings are excerpted from the original source: NHM (chapters 28-29 w/corresponding notes).

On this day the Hellenist Pseudo-Tzᵊdoq•im′  posted guards from their own Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh Sentry Unit to guard Ribi Yᵊho•shua's tomb.

This would seem an appropriate day for Nᵊtzâr•im′  to fast (dawn to dusk); however, the rejoicing of Khag ha-Matz•ot′  (and the entirety of Firstmonth) trumps fasting. Thus, this day is a memorial day; yet, rejoicing in Khag ha-Matz•ot′  trumps fasting or mourning.

Twilight-Sunset: Recite counting of the 6th day of the O′ mër.


Rainbow Rule


‫ 21 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(21st day of Firstmonth)
Soft Matzah
Soft matz•âh

Special Shab•ât of 7th Day of Khag ha-Matz•ot

Sixth day of the Festival of the Waving of the òÉîÆø

Twilight-Sunset: Recite counting of the 7th day of the O′ mër.

Continue counting the Omër every evening until 50: Khag ha-Shâvu•ot.


Rainbow Rule


‫ 24 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(24th day of Firstmonth; 9th Day of the counting of the O′ mër)

30 C.E. – a regular, weekly, seventh-day-of-the-week Shab•ât (cf. NHM 28.1 notes 28.1.1 & 28.1.2)

B.C.E. 557 – Dâniy•eil has his vision of a man clothed in linen, Dâniy•eil 10.4.

In 30 C.E. – as in 2002, 2003, 2006, 2009 & 2020, the weekly Shab•ât occurred on Firstmonth 24, the third day after the special Shab•ât of the 7th Day of pës′ akh (which always falls on Firstmonth 21).

30 C.E., after dusk (having begun the 10th Day of the counting of the O′ mër) – Although the three-day period (NHM12.40) was satisfied as Shab•ât began on Firstmonth 24, the women were unable to visit the sepulcher then because it was Shab•ât. After dusk on this weekly Shab•ât, the women found the sepulcher of Ribi Yᵊho•shua was already empty, NHM 28.1ff with related notes. Note 1 Ribi Yᵊho•shua had revived on Shab•ât! (Sun-god-day resurrection wasn't introduced until the 5th-century C.E.—see documentation in our History Museum⇒'Times & Seasons')

Note 1. NHM 28:1-4: Οψε2 δε1 σαββατων3 τη4 επιφωσκουση5 εις6 μιαν7 σαββατων8 ("But, late [i.e., after the] Shab•ât•ot, with the waning-of-twilight in one of the Shab•ât•ot, …")— according to the earliest extant source mss.: à (Codex Sinaiticus), β (Codex Vaticanus), Latin a-3, Syp (pᵊshitᵊtâ) and Ëvën Bo•khan.

By Judaic reckoning, dusk of the seventh day of the week concludes the weekly Shab•âtthereby beginning the first day of the week, not sunrise of the next morning (nor even midnight) as reckoned by the Romans and other gentiles! NHM 28.1-4 with note 28.1.1. Return to text

Rainbow Rule


‫ 25 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÒï
(25th day of Firstmonth)
10th Day of the counting of the O′ mër

30 C.E. – Ribi Yᵊho•shua appears to Miryam of Migdal and Miryam Zavdiyeil ha-Leiwi, NHM 28.8ff. The Hellenist Pseudo-Tzᵊdoq•im′  bribe the Italian Royal Guard soldiers to claim they had fallen asleep (then a capital offense – no way they would all fall asleep) and the body had been stolen from the tomb, NHM 28.12-15.

This first appearance, on the 10th day of the counting of the O′ mër, began a 40-day period (10th day + 39 = 40) during which he was seen by his talmidim (Ma•avâr 1.3), after which (10th day of the counting of the O′ mër + 39 = 49th day of the counting of the O′ mër ⇒ the day before Shâvuot) he was buried the second time.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 27 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÄàùÑåÉï
(27th day of Firstmonth)
(deferred one day when it falls on Shab•ât): Yom ha-Sho•âh′  (Holocaust Day)

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Secondmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

Rainbow Rule


‫ 2 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(2nd day of Secondmonth)

B.C.E. 971 – 480 years after the Yᵊtzi•âh, in the fourth year of his reign, Shlom•oh ha-•Mëlëkh began building the Beit ha-Miq•dâsh hâ-Ri•shon, Mᵊlâkh•im Âlëph 6.1; Div•rei ha-Yâm•im Beit 3.2.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 3 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(3rd day of Secondmonth)

30 C.E. – Ribi Yᵊho•shua is seen by his tal•mid•im on Har Mei•ron′  two weeks (1stmonth 20 – 2ndmonth 3) after the Romans thought he was dead on the stake and he had been taken down and entombed (NHM 28.16ff).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 4 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(4th day of Secondmonth)

éåÉí äÇæÌÄëÌÈøåÉï (Yom ha-Zi•kâr•on – the day before Yom hâ-A•tzᵊmâ•ut)

(Therefore, if Yom hâ-A•tzᵊmâ•ut falls on 6thday or Shab•ât, it will be advanced one day earlier. Accordingly, advance Yom ha-Zi•kâr•on one day earlier to the 3rd day of Secondmonth.)

Rainbow Rule


‫ 5 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(5th day of Secondmonth)

éåÉí äÈòÇöÀîÈàåÌú Yom hâ-A•tzᵊmâ•ut

(If Yom hâ-A•tzᵊmâ•ut falls on 6thday or Shab•ât, advance one day earlier to the 4th day of Secondmonth.)

Annually – Wood Offering by Bën-Porosh Bën-Yᵊhudâh family

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈùÑÌÅðÄé
(8th day of Secondmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 14 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(14th day of Secondmonth)

B.C.E. 718 – Yᵊkhizqiyahu keeps second pësakh Seidër because they were unable to observe the first pësakh Seidër, Div•rei ha-Yâm•im Beit 30.2-15.

Annually – Second pësakh Seidër for those who were unable to observe the first pësakh Seidër due to being tâ•mei, bᵊ-Mi•dᵊbar 9.11.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(15th day of Secondmonth)

B.C.E. 1451 – Bᵊnei-Yis•râ•eil murmured against Mosheh Rabeinu in northern Midbar Sinai near present-day Al-Arish, bᵊ-Reish•it 16.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 17 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(17th day of Secondmonth)

B.C.E. 2459 – On this day the Mabul began, bᵊ-Reish•it 7.11.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 18 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(18th day of Secondmonth)

ì"â ìÌÈòÉîÆø

Rainbow Rule


‫ 20 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(20th day of Secondmonth)
Map Sinai Yetziyah Routes
Click to enlargeMap: Sin•ai Yᵊtzi•âh Routes

B.C.E. 1450 – On this day, the cloud is taken up from the Mishkan and Bᵊnei-Yis•râ•eil follow the cloud from Har Karkom eastward to Midbar Paran in the eastern Israeli Negev near the modern Jordanian border, bᵊ-Midbar 10.11.


Rainbow Rule


‫ 27 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(27th day of Secondmonth)

B.C.E. 2458 – On this day, the waters of the Ma•bul receded to normal levels, bᵊ-Reish•it 8.14.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 28 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÅðÄé
(28th day of Secondmonth)

Yom Yᵊru•shâ•layim

If Secondmonth 28 falls on a sixthday, then Yom Yᵊrushâ•layim is celebrated a day earlier.

See the Yᵊrushâ•layim links in Israel (click the green "Israel" icon in left panel).

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Thirdmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

B.C.E. 596 – On this day, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi prophesied against Mitzrayim (Egypt), Yᵊkhëz•qeil 31.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 3 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(3rd day of Thirdmonth)
First Shab•ât following Thirdmonth 3: Bar mitz•wâh – i.e., Birthweek – of Ribi Yᵊho•shua

According to the Διαθηκη Καινη (NT) (Lu. 4.17), Yᵊho•shua read the (Ma•phᵊtir and) Haph•târ•âh selection Yᵊsha•yâhu 60.17 – 61.9 in Beit-ha-Kᵊnësët, which was the Ha•phᵊtâr•âh for the first Shab•ât of Thirdmonth (on the ancient Triennial Cycle) – thus providing us the date of his Bar-Mitz•wâh!!!

Annually reading the Haph•târ•âh of one's Bar Mitz•wâh has always been customary. Even more likely, because he was the right age, this Haph•târ•âh selection marks Ribi Yᵊho•shua's actual Bar Mitz•wâh – which is the reason it was specially noted.

Since one's Bar mitz•wâh is celebrated on the Shab•ât following one's thirteenth birthday (on this Judaic calendar), this Haph•târ•âh selection then indicates Ribi Yᵊho•shua's birthweek.

Scholars already know from other data that he was born this time of year; not in winter. Further, as documented in NHM, the astronomical descriptions pinpoint his birthdate to BCE 0007.05.29, perfectly corroborating this Bar mitz•wâh selection.

In the triennial cycle in use at that time, this Haph•târ•âh selection was assigned to the first Shab•ât in Thirdmonth, and the Tor•âh portion was Shᵊm•ot 24—now part of pâ•râsh•âh Mishpât•im (cf. chart "Triennial Cycle," Ency. Jud., 15.1387).

Uncertainties surrounding days lost or unaccounted for in medieval times as a result of the world's adoption of the Julian and Gregorian calendars render even the retrojection of Julian and Gregorian dates, before these calendars existed, somewhat uncertain. Every computer model attempting to convert dates on the Judaic calendar to Julian or Gregorian dates before the Julian and Gregorian calendars came into existence is, therefore, necessarily subject to some inaccuracy. Great accuracy and precision derives only from astronomical remarks contained in the earliest extant mss.

Being born within a day or two of Thirdmonth 3 of 3754 (astronomically precise B.C.E. 0007.05.29), based on computer calculations of the recorded astronomical phenomena (see Thirdmonth 3), Yᵊho•shua turned 13 ca. Thirdmonth 3 of 3767 (0007 C.E.).

In 3767 (0007 C.E.), Yᵊho•shua's birthday–intercalated from the modern Judaic calendar—again fell on Firstday of the week. This would indicate that, on the pre-358 C.E. Judaic calendar, Yᵊho•shua's Bar mitz•wâh was celebrated on the second Shab•ât of Thirdmonth, i.e. Thirdmonth 9, 3767 (0007.05.07 C.E.).

When we take into account that the ancient Judaic calendar could easily have intercalated Thirdmonth 3 a day earlier than that indicated by projecting the modern Judaic calendar back, it then easily coincides with the first Shab•ât of Thirdmonth – confirming this Haph•târ•âh selection!!!

The Haph•târ•âh selection then strongly corroborates that Yᵊho•shua's Bar mitz•wâh, in 3767 on the Judaic calendar (0007 C.E.), was the first Shab•ât of Thirdmonth–the week of his birthdate–that year.

This corroborates the computer calculations of the astronomical observations surrounding his birth (cf. Thirdmonth 3, above, and NHM 1-2 with notes, particularly 2.2.1 and 1.18.1).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 5 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(5th day of Thirdmonth)

49th Day of the counting of the OmërHi•lul•â of Ribi Yᵊho•shua:

On this day Ribi Yᵊho•shua dies from his wounds and is buried a second time—in Talpiot Tomb, ushering in the Ma•avâr from his personal leadership to that of the Beit-Din Nᵊtzâr•im under the leadership of pâ•qid Ya•a•qov "ha-Tza•diq", in the Shᵊkhin•âh / Ruakh ha-•Qodësh, beginning the next day – Shâvuot.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 6 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(6th day of Thirdmonth)
Special Shab•ât: çÇâ äÇùÑÈáåÌòåÉú

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(8th day of Thirdmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 14 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(14th day of Thirdmonth)
Map Sinai Yetziyah Routes
Click to enlargeMap: Sin•ai Yᵊtzi•âh Routes

B.C.E. 1451 – Bᵊn•ei-Yis•râ•eil journey from the area of Al-Arish on the northern coast of the Sin•ai southward through Mid•bâr Sin•ai, camping at the foot of Har Sin•ai, in the Israeli Nëgëv (bᵊ-Reish•it 19.1).


Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(15th day of Thirdmonth)

Annually – On this day, the Qum•ran′  Kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  celebrated Bi•kor•ei Khit•im (Firstfruits of Wheat).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 21 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(21st day of Thirdmonth)

Ca. 3753-4, the pâ•râsh•at sha•vua that week of that year was: ùÑÀìÇç-ìÀêÈ (Shᵊlakh-lᵊkhâ; "Get yourself going").

The exact solar date according to computer calculations of astronomical events was B.C.E. 0007.05.29 – Birth of Ribi Yᵊho•shua, the Mâ•shiakh

Calculations of astronomical events, described in NHM (2,2 with notes 1.18.1 & 2.2.1), demonstrate and confirm that Ribi Yᵊho•shua the Mâ•shiakh was born on B.C.E. 0007.05.29 on the Gregorian calendar (if it had been in use at that time). This equates to Thirdmonth 21, 3753 (Firstday of the week, Thirdmonth 3, 3754 by some calculations) if the modern form of the Judaic calendar had been in use.

Since the present form of the Judaic calendar (fixing the order of seven leap years in every 19-year cycle) wasn't introduced until 358-9 C.E. and the rabbis tinkered with it, refining it, into the 10th century C.E. ("Calendar," Ency. Jud., 5.43-53), one cannot expect the ancient calendar to be closer than a year ± day or two of the correct astronomical date and projections of the modern Judaic calendar back before these refinements. (Modern solar calendars and atomic clocks still need tinkering to keep them relevant. Perhaps surprisingly, though, today's Judaic calendar is purportedly acknowledged by some (?) to be the most accurate calendar in existence.)

Rainbow Rule


‫ 23 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀìÄéùÑÄé
(23rd day of Thirdmonth)

B.C.E. 480 – On this day, Iranian king Akhashveirosh (Xerxes I) grants Esteir's petition that the Yᵊhudim be armed and authorized to defend themselves a few months later… on Twelfthmonth 13 of the following year (B.C.E. 479), Esteir 8.9-14.

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Fourthmonthmore
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

Rainbow Rule


‫5 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÀáÄéòÄé
(5th day of Fourthmonth)
B.C.E. 602 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi sees vision from Ël•oh•im: Four çÇéÌåÉú like ëÌÀøåÌáÄéí having four faces, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 1.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÀáÄéòÄé
(8th day of Fourthmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫9 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÀáÄéòÄé
(9th day of Fourthmonth)
B.C.E. 586 – Famine during the Seige of Yᵊrushâ•layim by Iraqi king Nᵊvu-khad-netzar, no bread in the city, breach opens up in city wall, Mᵊlakhim Aleph 25.3; Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 39.2; 52.6-7.

Rainbow Rule


‫16 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÀáÄéòÄé
(16th day of Fourthmonth)

Explicit public confirmation, in Fourthmonth 16, 5765, of the re-emergence 7 years earlier of the Nᵊtzâr•im in the Orthodox (modern Pharisaic) Beit-ha-Kᵊnësët—for the first time since 135 C.E., and within a generation after the re-emergence of modern Yi•sᵊ•râ•eil.

(The Nᵊtzâr•im earlier re-emerged in the Orthodox (modern Pharisaic) Israeli Jewish community in which Ribi Yᵊho•shua and his Nᵊtzâr•im followers lived and taught, for the first time since 135 C.E., in 1985.03 when Yi•rᵊmᵊyâhu Bën-Dâ•wid made a•liy•âh with his wife, Karen.)

Rainbow Rule


‫17 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÀáÄéòÄé
17th of FourthmonthöåÉí

Rainbow Rule


‫24 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÀáÄéòÄé
(24th day of Fourthmonth)
Reminder: 2nd Shab•ât preceding úÌÄùÑÀòÈä of (áÌÀ) Fifthmonth is ùÑÇáÌÇú çÈæåÉï

Rainbow Rule


‫29 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈøÀáÄéòÄé
(29th day of Fourthmonth)

While all other sects of Judaism refrain from eating meat for the 10 days preceding the tzom of Fifthmonth 9, the Tei•mân•im do not refrain from eating meat during this period.


Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Fifthmonthmore

B.C.E. 1412 – A •ha•ron died at age 123 near Qadeish at the edge of the land of Edom in the Israeli Negev at äåø ääø (Hor ha-Har); probably the same as äø çøá (Har Khoreiv), probably also the same as either modern-day äø çãá (Har Khadav) or äø çøåæ (Har Kharoz).

In Hebrew, some of these names are easily miswritten or misread. Both are near Har Karkom, which isn't far from Qadeish Barneiah, about 11 days walk from Khoreiv (probably = modern-day Khadav). They walked via Har Seiair (probably = Har Shazar, also near Har Karkom), and from there to Qadeish Barneiah, bᵊ-Midbar 33.38.

B.C.E. 593 (which day during month uncertain) – During this month, Khâ•nân′  Yᵊhudah Ben-Azur, a rebellious nâ•vi, breaks wooden yoke from the shoulders of Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi, prophesying the breaking of the yoke of Iraq; Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi prophesies that Khâ•nân′  Yᵊhud•âh′  Bën-A•zur′  would die within one year, Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 28.1-16.

Rainbow Rule


‫2 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇçÂîÄéùÑÄé
(2nd day of Fifthmonth)

Reminder: Shab•ât preceding úÌÄùÑÀòÈä of (áÌÀ) Fifthmonth is ùÑÇáÌÇú àÅéëÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫3 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇçÂîÄéùÑÄé
(3rd day of Fifthmonth)

áÌÄëÌåÌøÅé úÌÄéøåÉùÑ / îåÉòÅã äÇúÌÄéøåÉùÑ

50 days after Festival of Firstfruits of Wheat – on the Qum•ran′  Kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  calendar.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 7 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇçÂîÄéùÑÄé
(7th day of Fifthmonth – 10th day of Fifthmonth according to some sources)

Annually – Wood Offering by Ben-Yonadav Ben-Rᵊkhav family.

B.C.E. 587 – A Dᵊvar é--ä comes to Yir•mᵊyâhu ha-Nâ•vi (Yir•mᵊyâhu ha-Nâ•vi 1.1-5).

B.C.E. 586 – the captain of Iraqi king Nᵊvu-khad-netzar burned the Beit ha-Miq•dâsh -Ri•shon (Yir•mᵊyâhu ha-Nâ•vi 3.12; Mᵊlâkh•im Beit 25.8-9).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 9 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇçÂîÄéùÑÄé
(9th day of Fifthmonth – unless this falls on Shab•ât, in which case it is deferred to the next day)

öåÉí (popularly úÌÄùÑÀòÈä áÀÌàÈá)

Special this month (1 day later than usual): Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible. If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

B.C.E. 519 – Zᵊkhar•yâh ha-Nâ•vi taught that obedience is preferred over fasting, Zᵊkhar•yâh ha-Nâ•vi 7.1-7.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 10 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇçÂîÄéùÑÄé
(10th day of Fifthmonth)

Shab•ât following úÌÄùÑÀòÈä of (áÌÀ) Fifthmonth is ùÑÇáÌÇú ðÇçÂîåÌ

Annually – Wood Offering by Ben-Sᵊna•av Ben-Binyamin family.

B.C.E. 600 – The zᵊqanim of Yis•râ•eil come to inquire of Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 20.1

70 C.E. – On this day, the Roman Italian General, Titus, destroyed the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh ha-Sheini (Josephus, Wars, 6.249-50).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇçÂîÄéùÑÄé
(15th day of Fifthmonth)

Romance Day

(When it falls on Shab•ât it is commemorated the previous day.)

Annually – Wood offering by Ben-Zatu Ben- Yᵊhudah family and by Kohanim, Lᵊwiyim and all whose tribal descent was in doubt.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 20 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇçÂîÄéùÑÄé
(20th day of Fifthmonth)

Annually – Wood offering by Ben-Pakhat-Moav Ben- Yᵊhudah family.

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Sixthmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Συνεδριον or Shom•ron•im) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

Beginning Sixthmonth 1 (unless it's Shab•ât), every morning in Yi•sᵊ•râ•eil one can hear ba•al•ei sho•phâr in the neighborhood practicing the sho•phâr in preparation for Yâm•im No•râ•im.

B.C.E. 521 – The Dᵊvar (i.e. Oral Law) of é--ä comes, via Khaj•ai ha-Nâ•vi, to Zᵊru-Bavel Ben-Shᵊa•altiyeil, Khajai 1.1.

B.C.E. 459 – Ezra ha-Kohein, the so•pheir, arrived in Yᵊrushâ•layim after the Exile in Iraq, Ezra 7.8-9.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 2 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(2nd day of Sixthmonth)

B.C.E. 434 – Ezra begins another wall in Yᵊrushâ•layim; completes it 52 days from today, Nᵊkhemyah 6.15.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 3 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(3rd day of Sixthmonth)

Annually – Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  celebrate Festival of Firstfruits of Wine, 50 days after Festival of Firstfruits of Wheat, Yadin, Vol. I, The Temple Scroll.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 4 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(4th day of Sixthmonth)

B.C.E. 0005 – Miryam, wife of Yo•seiph Ben-Dâ•wid, becomes pregnant with Yᵊho•shua.

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(8th day of Sixthmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 20 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(20th day of Sixthmonth)

Annually – Wood offering by Ben-Adin Ben-Yᵊhudah family (on the Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  calendar).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 22 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(22nd day of Sixthmonth)

Annually – Moeid Shemen (Appointed-festival of [Firstfruits of] Olive-oil (Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  calendar).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 23 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(23rd day of Sixthmonth)

B.C.E. 601 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi sees vision of Ël•oh•im: a fiery figure, a man with ink marks the foreheads of the inhabitants of Yᵊrushâ•layim, Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi 8.1ff.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 23-29 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(23rd-29th day of Sixthmonth)

Annually – Feast of Wood Offering on the Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  calendar. (Six days in addition to the intermediate Shab•ât)

Rainbow Rule


‫ 24 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(24th day of Sixthmonth)

B.C.E. 521 – Khajai ha-Nâ•vi, the malakh of é--ä, proclaims the Malakhut (mission) of é--ä to the kindred to work in the Beit-é--ä Tzᵊvâ•ot of their Elohim), Khajai 1.13-15.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 25 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(25th day of Sixthmonth)

B.C.E. 434 – Ezra completes his wall in Yᵊrushâ•layim in 52 days.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 26-end of month ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÄÌùÑÄÌé
(26th day through end of Sixthmonth)

B.C.E. 434 – Verification and documentation of yu•khas•in; Kohan•im lacking proper genealogical documentation to A •ha•ron declared invalid, Nᵊkhëm•yâh 6.15; 7.64, 73.

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Seventhmonth more
(Yom Mo•eidSpecial Shab•ât: éåÉí úÌÀøåÌòÈä

B.C.E. 593 – (day of month uncertain) Khâ•nân′  Yᵊhud•âh′  Bën-A•zur′  dies, fulfilling the prophesy of Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 8.17.

B.C.E. 586 – (day of month uncertain) Gᵊdalyah, Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 41.1ff.

B.C.E. 434 – Ezra reads Torah to Bᵊnei-Yis•râ•eil, Nᵊkhemyah 7.72 – 8.14.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 3 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(3rd day of Seventhmonth)
öåí: Seventhmonth 3 (see Zᵊkhar•yâh 8.19). If Seventhmonth 3 falls on Shab•ât, then the fast is observed the following day. Dawn till dusk tzom, Zᵊkhar•yâh 7.5; 8.19. See also Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 41.1-2; Mᵊlakhim Beit 25.1-2.

B.C.E. 586 – This commemorates the slaying Gᵊdal•yâh (Yirmᵊyahu 41.1-2; Mᵊlakhim Beit 25.25).

Gᵊdal•yâh was appointed governor of Yᵊhudah by Iraq (the Babylonians) after their capture of Yᵊrushâ•layim earlier in the year.

Note: next Shab•ât is ùÑÇáÌÇú ùÑåÌáÈä

Midnight Mo•tzâ•ei Shab•ât Shuv•âh: Israel Switches from YDT to YUT

Rainbow Rule


‫ 10 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(10th day of Seventhmonth)

Yom Mo•eid Seventhmonth 10, Special Shab•ât: éåÉí äÇëÌÄôÌËåÌøÄéí
Click to enlargeWear ta•lit in Mi•nᵊkh•âh and A•rᵊv•it
see wa-Yi•qᵊr•â 23.23-25).

Ca. B.C.E. 519 – Zᵊkharyah Ben-Berekhyah Ben-Ido ha-Nâ•vi taught that obedience is better than fasting – even on this day; Zᵊkhar•yâh 7.1-7.


Rainbow Rule


‫ 11 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(11th day of Seventhmonth)

After Havdâlâh concluding Yom Kipur, recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä (unless 6thday of the week, in which case defer until Motzâ•ei Shab•ât).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(15th day of Seventhmonth)

SukkahLulav and etrogHoshanah

Special Shab•ât: Khag ha-Suk•ot – ‎1st Day Hoshana

Except on Shab•ât, one circuit is made around the bimah carrying the lulav and etrog. Begins seven day Khag (Parashah: Khag ha-Sukot; huts). See wa-Yiq•râ 23.23-25.


Note: next Shab•ât is Shab•ât çåäî"ñ
This is the Shab•ât which falls between Khag ha-Suk•ot and Shᵊmin•i A•tzërët. In years when Khag ha-Suk•ot falls on Shab•ât then Shᵊmin•i A•tzërët / Sim•khat-Tor•âh also fall on Shab•ât and there is no çåäî"ñ.


B.C.E. 539 – Zᵊru-Bavel Ben-Shᵊa•altiyeil and Yeishua Bar-Yotzadaq keep Sukot after arriving in Yᵊrushâ•layim after the Exile in Iraq (Bavel) to rebuild the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh ha-Sheini, Ezra 1.1 with 3.1ff.

B.C.E. 434 – Ezra celebrates Sukot, Nᵊkhemyah 8.14-18.

29 C.E. – Yᵊho•shua Ben-Yo•seiph Ben-Dâ•wid has moved from the Galil to Yᵊrushâ•layim in time to keep Sukot, NHM 19.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 16 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(16th day of Seventhmonth)

SukkahLulav and etrogHoshanahHoshanah
2nd Day Hoshana and Simkhat Beit ha-Sho•eivah (except on Shab•ât).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 17 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(17th day of Seventhmonth)

SukkahLulav and etrogHoshanahHoshanahHoshanah
3rd Day Hoshana and Simkhat Beit ha-Sho•eivah (except on Shab•ât).

B.C.E. 2458 – Teivah (corrupted to "ark") rested on Harei Ararat (the Ararat mountains) in Turkey; waters receding, bᵊ-Reish•it 8.4.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 18 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(18th day of Seventhmonth)

SukkahLulav and etrogHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanah
4th Day Hoshana and Simkhat Beit ha-Sho•eivah (except on Shab•ât).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 19 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(19th day of Seventhmonth)

SukkahLulav and etrogHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanah
5th Day Hoshana and Simkhat Beit ha-Sho•eivah (except on Shab•ât).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 20 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(20th day of Seventhmonth)

SukkahLulav and etrogHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanah
6th Day Hoshana and Simkhat Beit ha-Sho•eivah (except on Shab•ât).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 21 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(21st day of Seventhmonth)

SukkahLulav and etrogHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanahHoshanah
äåùòðà øáà ‎7th Day Hoshana: Ho•sha•nâ Rab•âh

B.C.E. 521 – Khaj•ai ha-Nâ•vi prophesies that the Kâ•vod of the Beit ha-Miq•dâsh ha-Shein•i would be greater than the Kâ•vod of the Beit ha-Miq•dâsh hâ-Ri•shon (Khaj•ai 2.1, 9).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 22 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(22nd day of Seventhmonth)

Special Shab•ât of ùÑÀîÄéðÄé òÂöÆøÆú & ùÒÄîçÇú úÌåÉøÈä

Note: In Israel, Shᵊmin•i A•tzërët and Sim•khat Tor•âh coincide (Seventhmonth 22). In the Galut, however, Shᵊmin•i A•tzërët is observed on Seventhmonth 22 while Sim•khat Tor•âh is observed the following day (Seventhmonth 23).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 23 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(23rd day of Seventhmonth)

B.C.E. 971 – Conclusion of first Khag in Beit ha-Miq•dâsh hâ-Ri•shon, Div•rei ha-Yâm•im Beit 7.10.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 24 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀáÄéòÄé
(24th day of Seventhmonth)

B.C.E. 521 – Khajai ha-Nâ•vi prophesies Zᵊru-Bavel Ben-Shᵊa•altiyeil would be like a signet ring, Khajai 2.20.

B.C.E. 434 – Ëz fasts in tᵊshuv•âh, Bᵊnei-Yis•râ•eil separate themselves from all bᵊnei neikhar (sons of foreigners, sons of unfamiliar) and intermarriages, Nᵊkhemyah 9.1.

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Eighthmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

B.C.E. 964 – (day of month undetermined) Seven years after having begun, Shlomoh ha-Melekh finishes building the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh hâ-Rishon during this month, Mᵊlakhim Aleph 6.38.

B.C.E. 521 – (day of month undetermined) Dᵊvar é--ä comes to Zᵊkharyah Ben-Berekhyah Ben-Ido ha-Nâ•vi answering his pleading for tᵊShuv•âh, Zᵊkhar•yâh 1.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈùÑÌÀîÄéðÄé
(8th day of Eighthmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇùÑÌÀîÄéðÄé
(15th day of Eighthmonth)

c. B.C.E. 930 – During his reign (beginning in B.C.E. 933), Yâ•râvᵊâm Bën-Nᵊv at seduced all of Bᵊn•ei-Yis•râ•eil—except Yᵊhud•âh—away from Beit-Dâ•wid into idolatry, introducing an idolatrous festival in Eighth month (Mᵊlâkh•im Âlëph 12.32-33).

Contrary to many anti-Christians, there is no serious evidence that Halloween traces beyond pre-Christian Celtic paganism of Europe (vide History Museum, Sukkah 15, click on Halloween). Thus, there is no demonstrable connection between the idolatrous festival introduced by Yâ•râvᵊâm and Halloween.

Yâ•râvᵊâm, on the other hand, reintroduced the same golden calf worship that the Bible emphasized idolaters at Har Sin•ai had resurrected from Egyptian idolatry—and which Yâ•râvᵊâm had recently witnessed and experienced personally (Mᵊlâkh•im Âlëph 11.40 & 12.2)!!! Readers should note that the Egyptian New Year began soon after the summer solstice, at the heliacal rising of the star Sirius. Consequently, Eighth month on our Judaic calendar would have correlated to about the 3rd month of the Egyptian calendar: the month of Hathor, during which the Egyptians celebrated a festival of Aset… which readers will more likely recognize by its Greek name: Isis! Thus, Yâ•râvᵊâm's production of two golden calves likely indicates the earliest known Egyptian cow goddess, "Ba(t) of Two Faces," goddess of the Milky Way, which the Egyptians later assimilated into Hathor and, still later, Aset (Isis).

Clearly, being an enemy of Yᵊhud•âh (loc. cit.), Yâ•râvᵊâm was attempting to build ties with Mitz•rayim.

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Ninthmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

B.C.E. 603 – (the day of the month uncertain) Yᵊhudah and Yis•râ•eil proclaim a tzom (fast) after Barukh Ben-Neiriyah reads the scroll of Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi in the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh, Yirmᵊyahu 36.1-9.

28 C.E. – (day of month uncertain) Miryam's cousin, Elisheva Bat- Zᵊkharyah ha-Kohein (who became pregnant in Firstmonth), gives birth to Yokhanan 'ha-Matbil' Ben-Zᵊkharyah ha-Kohein.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 4 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé
(4th day of Ninthmonth)

B.C.E. 519 – Zᵊkharyah Ben-Berekhyah Ben-Ido ha-Nâ•vi teaches that obeying Torah is better than fasting, Zᵊkhar•yâh 7.1ff.

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé
(8th day of Ninthmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 25 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé
(25th day of Ninthmonth)
Khanukiyah, 1st eve
çÂðËëÌÈä

Note: next Shab•ât is ùÑÇáÌÇú çÂðËëÌÈä

If there is a second Shab•ât during çÂðËëÌÈä, then Second Shab•ât of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫ 26 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé
(26th day of Ninthmonth)
Khanukiyah, 2nd eve

2nd Day of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫ 27 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé
(27th day of Ninthmonth)
Khanukiyah, 3rd eve

3rd Day of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫ 28 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé
(28th day of Ninthmonth)
Khanukiyah, 4th eve

4th Day of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫ 29 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé
(29th day of Ninthmonth)
Khanukiyah, 5th eve

5th Day of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫ 30 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÇúÌÀùÑÄéòÄé(in years in which Ninthmonth has 30 days)
(30th day of Ninthmonth) or

øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Tenthmonth more (in years in which Ninthmonth has 29 days)

(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

B.C.E. 2458 – Noakh sees the tops of mountains after the waters of the Mabul recede, bᵊ-Reish•it 8.5.

B.C.E. 480 – (day of month uncertain) Iranian king Akhashveirosh (Xerxes I) makes Esteir queen of Iran in the seventh year of his reign (B.C.E. 486-465), Esteir 2.6.

Annually – Wood offering by Ben-Adin Ben-Yᵊhudah family – again on the Qum•ran′  kha•sid•im′  Tzᵊdoq•im′  calendar.

B.C.E. 459 – Ezra appoints a Beit-Din to consider what to do about intermarriages, Ezra 10.16.

Khanukiyah, 6th eve

Ninthmonth 30 or Tenthmonth 1: 6th Day of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


 1 or 2ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈòÂùÒÄéøÄé
(1st or 2nd day of Tenthmonth)
Khanukiyah, 7th eve

Tenthmonth 1 or 2: 7th Day of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


 2 or 3ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈòÂùÒÄéøÄé
(2nd or 3rd day of Tenthmonth)
Khanukiyah, 8th eve

Tenthmonth 2 or 3: 8th Day of çÂðËëÌÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫ 5 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈòÂùÒÄéøÄé
(5th day of Tenthmonth)

B.C.E. 575 – A refugee from Yᵊrushâ•layim comes to Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi in Iraq (under the rule of Nᵊvu-khad-netzar), reporting to him how bad the conditions were in Yᵊrushâ•layim (Yᵊkhëz•qeil 33.21).

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈòÂùÒÄéøÄé
(8th day of Tenthmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 10 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈòÂùÒÄéøÄé
(10th day of Tenthmonth)

öåí (see Zᵊkhar•yâh 8.19)

B.C.E. 598 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi given his vision of the stewpot, Yᵊkhëz•qeil 24.1.

B.C.E. 588 – Iraqi king Nᵊvu-khad-netzar sets siege on Yᵊrushâ•layim, Mᵊlakhim Beit 25.1; Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 39.1; 52.4.

Commemorates the siege of Yᵊrushâ•layim by Iraq (Bavel) (Mᵊlakhim Beit 25.1-2; Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 42.4ff; Yᵊkhëz•qeil 24.1-2).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 12 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈòÂùÒÄéøÄé
(12th day of Tenthmonth)

B.C.E. 597 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi prophesies against Mitzrayim, Yᵊkhëz•qeil 29.1.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 21 ìÇçÉãÆùÑ äÈòÂùÒÄéøÄé
(21st day of Tenthmonth)

éåÉí ìÀàåÌîÄé ìÀùÒÈôÈä äÇòÄáÀøÄéú, initiated by Yi•sᵊ•râ•eil in 2010.01 commemorating the birth of àÁìÄéòÆæÆø áÅÌï-éÀäåÌãÈä, who was most responsible for reviving Hebrew as a living language again in the modern world.

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Eleventhmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

B.C.E. 1412 – Bᵊnei-Yis•râ•eil are camped on the east bank of Nᵊhar ha-Yar•dein, Dᵊvâr•im 1.1-3.

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(8th day of Eleventhmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 9 ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(9th day of Eleventhmonth)

Note: Shab•ât pâ•râsh•at bᵊ-Sha•lakh is ùÑÇáÌÇú ùÑÄéøÈä

Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(15th day of Eleventhmonth)

è"å áÌÄùÑáÈè

"[è"å ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ, popularly "T"u bᵊ-Shᵊvât"] is the new year for the purpose of calculating the age of trees for tithing. See [wa-Yi•qᵊr•â] 19.23-25, which states that fruit from trees may not be eaten during the first three years; the fourth year's fruit is for [ha-Sheim], and after that, you can eat the fruit. Each tree is considered to have aged one year as of [è"å ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ], so if you planted a tree on [é"ã ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ], it begins its second year the next day, but if you plant a tree two days later, on [è"æ ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ], it does not reach its secrond year until the next [è"å ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ].

[è"å ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ] is not mentioned in [Ta•na"kh]. I have found only one reference to it in the Mishnâh, and the only thing said there is that it is the new year for trees, and there is a dispute as to the proper date for the holiday (Beit Sha•mai said the proper day was the first [ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ]; Beit Hi•leil said the proper day was [è"å ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ]. As usual, we follow Beit Hi•leil." (Adapted from jewishvirtuallibrary.org).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 24 ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(24th day of Eleventhmonth)

B.C.E. 521 – Zᵊkharyah Ben-Berekhyah Ben-Ido ha-Nâ•vi sees the vision of a man riding a sorrel horse among the hadas (myrtle) bushes, along with other horses: an assortment of sorrel, chestnut and white; Zᵊkhar•yâh 1.7ff.

Sometime during the winter of 29-30 C.E. – Ribi Yᵊho•shua teaches Halakhah with his fellow rabbinic Pᵊrushim; he tends the ill and teaches (cf. NHM 19.3 – 20.3).

Rainbow Rule


‫ 30 ìÀòÇùÑÀúÌÅé-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(30th day of Eleventhmonth)

éåÉí äÇîÄùÑÀôÌÈçÈä

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Leapmonth – occurs only in leap years more
(A•dâr Qâ•tân; Minor Adar); also Adar Âlëph or Adar I

"Whatever happens in (Leapmonth or) Twelfthmonth stays in Twelfthmonth"

not in this Eleventh-b = Leapmonth. Important events that occur in this Leapmonth are, thereafter, commemorated in Twelfthmonth. Thus, there are no birthdays, Bar-Mitz•wot, wedding anniversaries, etc. this month.

Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

Rainbow Rule


øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ Twelfthmonth more
(Custom: øÉàùÑ çÉãÆùÑ following 30-day months is observed for two days (30th day of previous month plus 1st day of this month) due to ancient uncertainty, outside of Israel and in this month, concerning which signal fires (Sanhedrin or Samaritan) were communicating the exact time of the new moon. This extra day became superfluous once better communications and precise calculations were implemented.)

Dancing smiley "îÄùÑÌÀðÌÄëðÇñ àÂãÈø îÇøáÌÄéï áÌÀùÒÄîçÈä" (Aramaic – "From when Adar enters, rejoicing increases"; Ma•sëkët Ta•an•it 29a)

B.C.E. 595 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi laments over Mitzrayim (Egypt), Yᵊkhëz•qeil 32.1.

B.C.E. 480 – Haman slanders Yᵊhudim to Akhashveirosh (Iranian king Xerxes I), Esteir 3.7.

29 C.E. – Ribi Yᵊho•shua predicts his death, soon after the collection of the half-sheqel tax for the maintenance of the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh ha-Sheini, NHM 17.22 – 18.35.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 3 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(3rd day of Twelfthmonth)

B.C.E. 517 – In the sixth year of the reign of Darius, restoration of the Beit-ha-Miq•dâsh hâ-Rishon (after the Iraqi Exile) is completed, celebrating Khanukhah, Ezra 6.15-16.

Rainbow Rule


‫8 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(8th day of Twelfthmonth)

Recite áÌÄøÀëÌÇú äÇìÌÀáÈðÈä outside, when the moon becomes visible (unless it falls on Yom Shish•i, in which case defer to Motzâ•ei Shab•ât). If the moon does not become visible due to weather, defer to the next day. If the moon does not become visible for a week, this bᵊrâkh•âh is skipped until next month.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 9 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(9th day of Twelfthmonth)

Note: Shab•ât preceding Pur•im is ùÑÇáÌÇú æÀëÉø

Rainbow Rule


‫ 13 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(13th day of Twelfthmonth)
Shush(an), Iran - ancient Susa, Persia

B.C.E. 479 – On this date Iranian king Akhashveirosh (Xerxes I) issues the proclamation to Haman authorizing the execution of all Yᵊhudim. However, in response to the plea of his Jewess Queen Esteir (Ivrit Hadasâh), King Akhashveirosh granted that the Yᵊhudim should arm and defend themselves. Over the next two days (13rd-14,th), the Yᵊhudim slaughtered 500 of their enemies in Shushan, the ancient capital of Iran (Persia, land of the "magis"); as a result of which the 14th & 15th are declared commemorative holidays (Esteir 3.13-22).



Rainbow Rule


‫ 14 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(14th day of Twelfthmonth)

ôÌåÌøÄéí

The annual half-Shëqël tax for the up-keep of the Beit ha-Miq•dâsh is commemorated, before Mi•nᵊkh•âh and the reading of the Mᵊgilâh, by donating a half-dollar (half-pound, etc.) local coin for tzᵊdâq•âh (before or) upon entering.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 15 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(15th day of Twelfthmonth)

B.C.E. 595 – Yᵊkhëz•qeil ha-Nâ•vi prophesies against Mitzrayim, Yᵊkhëz•qeil 32.17.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 24 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(24th day of Twelfthmonth)
ùÑÇáÌÇú äÇçÉãÆùÑ

Rainbow Rule


25 or 27 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(25th or 27th day of Twelfthmonth)

B.C.E. 550 – In his 37th year of imprisonment, Yᵊhoyakhin, king of Yᵊhudah, is given a reprieve by Iraqi king Ëvil Mᵊrodakh, Mᵊlakhim Beit 25.27; Yirmᵊyahu ha-Nâ•vi 52.31.

Rainbow Rule


‫ 29 ìÄùÑÀðÅéí-òÈùÒÈø äÇçÉãÆùÑ
(Shab•ât preceding, or coinciding with, the last day of day of the year.
ùÑÇáÌÇú ùÑÀ÷ÈìÄéí

Rainbow Rule


lᵊhavdil
02.01lᵊ-hav•dil
(See Easter in our History Museum (Times & Seasons). Start preparing how to respond politely yet effectively to Christian inundations—greetings, decorations, social invitations, etc., refreshing your memory about when this Hellenist holiday was adopted and its origins.
lᵊ-hav•dil

Rainbow Rule


0200 (i.e., before bed, previous evening) of last 6thday that falls on or before 04.01
(0200 (before bed): Israel Switches from YUT to YDT

Rainbow Rule


lᵊhavdil
70 Days
(Beginning of Ancient Egyptian 70 Days of Death & Darkness—relating to the environment and influence of the ancient Egyptian superpower in the Middle East, the crucible in which (Yo•seiph, Mosh•ëh and) Israel formed, and its impact on the development of the symbolism of the number 70. In modern times, Sirius, the star, sets in the heliacal arc on the western horizon this day.

Rainbow Rule


05.29
(See Birthday (on modern world calendar) of Ribi Yᵊho•shua

Rainbow Rule


Solstice summer
(Sol-stice (Latin: "sun standstill") On this day, Yᵊho•shua Bën-Nun makes the sun and moon "stand still" to conquer the Ë•mor•im in òÅîÆ÷ àÇéÌÈìåÉï, roughly halfway along today's main road between Teil Âviv and Yᵊru•shâ•layim.
Gezer
âÌÆæÆø
Emeq Ayalon (fm Gezer facing SE)
òÅîÆ÷ àÇéÌÈìåÉï (fm âÌÆæÆø facing SE toward Yᵊru•shâ•layim)

Of two annual solstices, this is the solstice of 3rd-4thmonth on the Judaic calendar (summer in northern hemisphere, winter in southern hemisphere). The is the longest day in Israel's hemisphere, wherein the length of daylight is extended (the sun stilled) by several hours, the moon deferred—stilled—by the same period, relative to a winter day.

The Hebrew verb root used by Yᵊho•shua (10.12-13) is ãÌÈîÇí.

While the winter solstice is also a period during which the sun "stands still," that would have meant a short day. Also, battles in the middle east are more often fought during summer as cold winter rains make life difficult for armies—more so for ancient armies than better-equipped modern armies.

The D-Day Invasion of Normandy likely followed the same paradigm, commencing a couple of weeks before the solstice to take advantage of long daylight days to fight both before and after the solstice. Gen. Eisenhower, too, made the "sun stand still" for his battle. Thus, as always, the Biblical account can be appreciated as factual, yet brilliant to the point of legendary and miraculous in the eyes of human witnesses.

Rainbow Rule


lᵊhavdil
07.03 Annually
("Rebirth" in Ancient Egypt –

After a 70 day absence, perceived by the ancients as a period of "Death & Darkness," Sirius, the Dog Star rises in the heliacal arc on the eastern horizon this day, signaling the flooding of the Nile in Ancient Egypt and the scorching "Dog Days" of summer for the ancient Greeks.

The ancient Egyptian superpower in the Middle East was the crucible in which (Yo•seiph, Mosh•ëh and) Yi•sᵊ•râ•eil formed, and the mythology that shaped the symbolism of the number 70.


Rainbow Rule


lᵊhavdil
B.C.E. 0007.10.01
(Second astronomical conjunction confirms to the Iranian astrologer-astronomers ("magi") that Beit-Lëkhëm is the birth place of the Mâ•shiakh, NHM 2.8-9. Yᵊho•shua, who had been born on the first conjunction, B.C.E. 0007.05.29, was now 4 months old.

Over the next couple of weeks, the Iranian astrologer-astronomers organize, provision and move their caravan to Beit-Lëkhëm to set up a one-night (one-week, one month?) vigil over each house with a young male infant in Beit-Lëkhëm, repeating the cycle as necessary until confirmation of the correct house by a third conjunction. This process required only a couple of months as the third and final confirmation conjunction occurred on B.C.E. 0007.12.05.

Rainbow Rule


lᵊ-hav•dil
(

See Xmas in our History Museum. Start preparing how to respond politely yet effectively to Christian inundations—TV commercials, promos & shows (hit the mute button), greetings, decorations, social invitations, etc. Know how to direct them to the Christmas page in our History Museum (Times & Seasons). On a few sheets of business card stock paper, print up and cut into business card-size, a short "Have a festive winter" courtesy card (see sample), with your first name (only) signed on the back, to wish a festive winter season–with this respectful, courteous and caring message–in response to folks who wish you Merry Xmas:

Have a Festive & Rewarding Winter
Check the history books
Why was First Christmas after 336 C.E.?!?
When Christianity first adopted Dec. 25th
the birthday of ancient Iranian (Persian) Sun God!!!
The Asherah tree traces back to Ex. 34.13; Dt. 7.5; 12.3; 16.21
Details in the Museum pages (Times & Seasons)
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lᵊ-hav•dil

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B.C.E. 0007.12.05
(Third astronomical phenomenon / configuration (conjunction, by least apparent angle, which would have been the method used by the Persian Magi) confirms their vigil, in Beit-Lëkhëm, over the particular house of Yᵊho•shua Ben-Dâ•wid – finally identifying him as the Mâ•shiakh.

(The second astronomical configuration, B.C.E. 0007.10.01 while they were in Yᵊru•shâ•layim, had earlier confirmed their identification of the village of Beit Lëkhëm. The first astronomical configuration, B.C.E. 0007.05.29, had initially signaled the birth of the Jewish messiah-king to the Magi back in Iran {Persia}.)

With this new information, the Iranian astronomer-astrologer scientists (of their day; Persian "Magi"), who had been conducting the vigil, went to visit the house and present the family with gifts. The astronomical configurations, caravanserie travel and vigil had taken over six months. Yᵊho•shua was born on the first astronomical configuration – 6 months and 1 week earlier, on B.C.E. 0007.05.29 (by least apparent angle; NHM 2.10-12 with notes).

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Vernal Equinox every 28 years
(Recite áøëú äÇçÇîÌÈä (blessing for the sun), every 28 years, after sunrise (not a dawn service like sun-worshippers and Christians) and before a quarter of the day has elapsed—the earlier the better. If one missed this time, the blessing can be recited until midday: òåÉùÒÆä áÌÀøÅàùÑÄéú (o•sëh bᵊ-Reish•it ; [that/Who] makes/does bᵊ-Reish•it).

Do not look at the sun. It will damage your eyes.. (Further, you're blessing é--ä for His provision of the sun, not worshipping the sun.)

While the blessing for seeing the moon is recited at every new moon, reciting a blessing upon seeing the new sun would be every morning—resembling sun worship. To avoid the appearance of sun worship, the rabbis sought a different definition for the "new sun."

"Jewish Law stipulates that a special blessing is to be recited when we see the sun at the same place, on the same day of the week, and the same time of day as when it was created [according to rabbinic calculations]. The first chapter in [bᵊ-Reish•it], which tells the story of Creation, tells us that the sun was created on a [4thday]. Precisely one solar year, or 365.25 days (52 weeks and 1.25 days) later, the sun was in the same place – but not on the same day of the week, nor at the same time of day; it was, rather, a quarter of a day later.

The 'quarter-day' problem is solved every four years, and the 'same day of the week' issue is resolved every seven years – and both problems are solved simultaneously only once every 28 (4x7) years" (IsraelNN.com), at the vernal equinox. Next time: vernal equinox.

The calculation is straightforward. Since the rabbis assert that the sun was created near the beginning of year 1 (Roll eyes), the year of the 28 year cycle is simply when (the current Judaic year - 1) mod 28 = 0.

Of course, among several inaccuracies, this also doesn't take into consideration the orientation of the sun, which revolves on its own axis every 25.3 days at its equator. Incorporating this into the formula would result in reciting the bᵊrâkh•âh only once every 708+ (28x25.3) years. Since our solar system orbits the center of our galaxy… and our galaxy is flying apart from other galaxies… This is all meaningless since the sun wasn't created ca. B.C.E. 4000 anyway. The only important aspect is periodically acknowledging é--ä as the Creator of the sun without giving the appearance of sun worship.

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à for àâã (Egged) Israeli bus co.NQ Village Tour

(Tour begins in the 'Nᵊtzarim Quarter' Gate)

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