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Sha•bât Khol ha-Mō•eid Khag ha-Matz•ot

Yᵊri•kho: City-Wall Fell Tumbling All The Way To The Bottom

Yᵊho•shua 6.1-21 ca. 2334 (B.C.E. 1426)
Tel Yᵊrikho
Click to enlargeRecovering the family lands

Fearing the impending attack by Bᵊn•ei-Yi•sᵊrâ•eil, Yᵊri•kho sealed herself off, completely shut; no one in, no one out.

Then Yᵊho•shua perceived é‑‑ä telling him, "See? I have given Yᵊri•kho and her ma•lâkh into your hand, her warrior-heroes. So you, all of the men of war, shall march a circuit around the city, encircling the city just beyond the range of bow-shot,1 once a day, for 6 days. 7 ko•han•im shall carry 7 bellwether sho•phᵊr•ōt in front of hâ-•ron. On the 7th day, you shall march 7 circuits around the city. Then the ko•han•im shall sound the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt.

When the bellwether horn is drawn-out, upon hearing the voice of that sho•phâr, all of the am shall sound the tremolo battle cry, " sounding the great tremolo battle cry!" Then the city-wall shall fall, stones from its top tumbling all the way to the bottom. Then the am shall go up, each man against it.

So Yᵊho•shua Bin-Nun called the ko•han•im, telling them, "Pick up the A•ron ha-Bᵊrit and have 7 ko•han•im bear 7 bellwether sho•phᵊr•ōt in front of hâ-•ron é‑‑ä."

Tel Yᵊrikho
Click to enlargeTël Yᵊri•kho

Then he told the am, "Pass through and march a single circuit around the city", and the spearhead force shall pass by in front of hâ-•ron é‑‑ä."

So it became as Yᵊho•shua had said to the am, the 7 ko•han•im bearing the 7 bellwether sho•phᵊr•ōt in front of é‑‑ä passed by and sounded the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt, and the •ron Bᵊrit é‑‑ä walked after them.

The spearhead force walked in front of the ko•han•im, who had sounded the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt. Then, after hâ-•ron, the main body walked, walking along and sounding the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt.

Then Yᵊho•shua commanded the am saying, "Do not sound the tremolo battle cry, nor shall your voice be heard. You shall march in silence until I give the command, "Sound the tremolo battle cry!" Then, you shall sound the tremolo battle cry!"

So he marched the •ron é‑‑ä around the city, encircling the city one time. Then they arrived back at camp for the night..

Then Yᵊho•shua got up in the pre-dawn morning darkness, and the ko•han•im bore up the •ron é‑‑ä.

The 7 ko•han•im carried the 7 bellwether sho•phᵊr•ōt in front of the •ron é‑‑ä, walking the walk; and and they sounded the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt; the spearhead force walked ahead of them and the main body walked after the •ron é‑‑ä; walking and sounding the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt. So the second day, they marched a circuit around the city one time, arriving back at camp. They did this 6 days.

Yᵊho•shua's Pre-Battle Speech To His Troops

Then, on the 7th day, they again got up in the pre-dawn darkness. This time, however, they marched 7 circuits around the city. Only on the 7th day did they march 7 circuits around the city.

On the 7th circuit, [at the point where a weakness in the wall had been discovered during previous circuits], when the ko•han•im sounded the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt, Yᵊho•shua addressed the am,

"We're about to sound the tremolo battle cry, for é‑‑ä has given you the city! This city, and everything in it, shall become kheirëm ìÇé‑‑ä. Only Râkh•âv ha-zōn•âh shall live, she and everyone in her house; because she hid the ma•lâkh•im whom we sent.

You m.pl. just watchguard yourselves from ha-kheirëm [to an idol], lest you cause yourself to become kheirëm [to an idol] by taking something from ha-kheirëm [to an idol]. Such would render the camp of Yi•sᵊr•â•eil to be kheirëm [to the idol, necessitating extensive purification] and you m.pl. would be stirring up [idolatry]. All of the silver and gold, and the copper and iron utensils shall be Qodësh ìÇé‑‑ä. It shall be channeled to the treasury of é‑‑ä."

Then the am sounded the tremolo battle cry, but the ko•han•im sounded the single monotonic fermata yelp "Attention" alarm on their sho•phᵊr•ōt. Then, it happened that when the am heard the voice of the sho•phâr, all of the am yelled, and all of the sho•phᵊr•ōt blasted, the tremolo battle cry "the great tremolo battle cry"!

Then the city-wall fell, stones from its top tumbling all the way to the bottom. Then the am charged upward to the city, each man against it, and they captured and secured the city.

Then they declared kheirëm [to an idol] everything in the city: from man to woman, from youth to aged; even the ox, the sëh and the donkey2 – by authority3 of the sword.

Rescue of Râkh•âv ha-zōn•âh And Her Family

Then Yᵊho•shua ordered the two men who had scouted the land, "Come to the house of ha-zōn•âh and bring out from there the woman and all that is hers, as you swore to her."

So the young scouts went forth to Râkh•âv and brought out her father, her mother her brother and her entire family; all that was hers; welcoming her from outside her house, to the camp of Yi•sᵊr•â•eil.

Then they burnt down the city and everything in it except the gold, the silver and the utensils of copper and iron, which they put into the treasury of Beit-é‑‑ä.

So Râkh•âv ha-zōn•âh, her father's household and all that was hers Yᵊho•shua preserved alive and she dwelled amidst Yi•sᵊr•â•eil to this day, because she hid the ma•lâkh•im whom Yᵊho•shua sent to scout Yᵊri•kho on foot.

At that time, Yᵊho•shua swore4 saying, "Damned5 before é‑‑ä is the man who shall rise up and rebuild this city, Yᵊri•kho, his firstborn in laying her foundation, and his youngest son in the positioning of her gates!"

So é‑‑ä was with Yᵊho•shua and the stories of him were heard throughout all of the land.

Optional parental preparation:

  1. Note 1 – While the effective-aiming range of the ancient bow was about 75 meters (or yards), ¾ of a football field, maximum range was about double that, around 150 meters or 1½ football fields. To be safe from arrows, the Israeli Tzah"l would have remained about 200 meters (2 football fields) out from the walls as they marched around the city—distant enough to be safe, close enough to instill dread.

    It would seem that the walls of the city must have appeared old, in disrepair and crumbly. The idea seems to have been that the city's defenders would have had to follow the Israelis, ready for an attack at any point, crowding the rim of their city-wall as they marched around the city. Thus, the brunt of the combined weight of most of the city's defenders was concentrated on each point of the rim of the city's wall. As their combined weight bore down on the rim of the city-wall, any crumbling or damage might be discovered. Six days of such repeated weighing down and removing of weight could have exposed weaknesses (the most vulnerable point to attack) and observation of areas of crumbling or dislodged stones. After 6 days with the weight of many troops compressing and then releasing that section of the rim of the city-wall, plus another 7 times on the last day, might have been enough to cause that section of the city-wall to crumble, the stones falling from the rim and then tumbling down the slope all the way to the bottom, creating a natural ramp into the city, even without the use of a battering ram. And there's no implication in the text that the Israelis didn't, also, employ a battering ram to expedite the breach. Return to text

  2. Note 2 – Translating the word åÇéÌÇçÂøÄéîåÌ as "utterly destroyed" necessarily contradicts the next verse in which Râkh•âv ha-zōn•âh and those who were in her home remain alive. This is another indicator that åÇéÌÇçÂøÄéîåÌ, not a word that implies "kill" (in fact, in the case of a sacrifice, it distinguishes between separating as kheirëm in contrast to slaughtering), refers to making a separation, not slaughtering.

    Traditional commentators have ranged from outright misojudaics painting Israel as ancient war criminals to "arts degree" archeologists, blissfully unaware of a plethora of ingenious ancient artifacts, who remain under the misimpression that these ancient civilizations were cavemen only marginally more intelligent than bands of chimps. Apparently the beginning of time for many misojudaic historians and archeologists, desperate for scientific recognition, insisted in their misguided notion of "science" that Judaic Scripture predating Greece is mere fables to be ignored. Yet, it's clear that, for example, ballistas slinging ballista stones or balls of burning pitch date back far before Rome and Greece to the time of Sᵊdom and A•mor•âh. There is no compelling evidence in this verb to imply slaughter. While there were massacres, there were also many small populations, throughout the region, who were expelled from their homes in countless conflicts and by countless kings. In this case, it appears that the survivors of Yᵊri•kho were given the choice to purify themselves from idolatry, be circumcised and absorbed into Israel (which misojudaics must deny in order to maintain that Israel isn't the only remaining indigenous people native to this land) to live according to Tor•âh or, by force of sword, be expelled from the area to find new homes elsewhere. Return to text

  3. Note 3 – ìÀôÄé (lᵊphiy) – popularly translated "according to," literally meaning "toward the mouth of…" i.e., by authority or force of…

    In other words, contrary to the great consensus of scholars, this does not describe a massacre. Rather, the inhabitants that survived the fighting were given the choice, by authority of the sword: purify from idolatry, circumcise males and convert and be absorbed into Israel or be forcibly expelled from the area to move elsewhere. Return to text

  4. Note 4 – åÇéÌÇùÑÀáÌÇò, niph•al verb from ùÑÆáÇò (shëva; 7) and meaning recite 7 times, constituting an oath; as contrasted with àÈìÈä (â•lâl; he cursed with an imprecation), àÈøÇø (â•rar; he damned) and ÷ÄìÌÅì (qi•leil; slight, belittle, disregard, dismiss; regarded as a bit of a curse). Return to text
  5. Note 5 – !àÈøåÌø (â•rōr); imper. m.s. of àÈøÇø (â•rar; he damned); see also note for åÇéÌÇùÑÀáÌÇò. Return to text

Questions you might anticipate that your child might raise and be prepared to discuss:

  1. What does impending mean?
  2. What is a battle cry (or war cry)?
  3. What is tremolo?
  4. What is monotonic?
  5. What is fermata?
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